Euclid Trucks by hi joiney
History br Founding br From its inception the Euclid Company of Ohio specialised in off road heavy haulers that were designed from the ground up as off road haulers as compared to other companies that just modified OTR trucks for off road earth hauling br The Euclid Crane and Hoist Co owned by George A Armington and his 5 sons was already a big well respected and profitable operation when in 1924 they introduced the Euclid Automatic Rotary Scraper followed shortly after by the Euclid Wheeler wheeled scraper These earthmoving items were thought up by Georges eldest son Arthur who was convinced a good future lay in designing earthmoving equipment and who steered the company into the earthmoving field The two models of scrapers were a resounding success and a third model the Euclid Contractors Special was even more successful as it was designed to cope with hard ground br Arthur and his father had even built a successful prototype crawler and tested it on the family farm just prior to this but the crawler idea was dropped for reasons unknown The success of the scrapers led to the formation of the Road Machinery Division of Euclid Crane and Hoist in 1926 Big public works construction programs of 1927 and 1928 requiring huge amounts of soil to be shifted saw to the further success of the Euclid Road Machinery division br Euclid produced crawler wagons on tracks similar to Athey Wagons known as Euclid Tu Way haulers The crawler track speed restriction was seen as a problem and the next version was on steel wheels for improved speed George Armington Jr was a keen hydraulics designer and produced the first hydraulic Euclid dumpers around 1930 br Great Depression br The Great Depression did not appear to affect Euclid greatly and the expansion of the earthmoving side of the Euclid business led to the incorporation of the Euclid Road Machinery Co on July 11 1931 This company remained a subsidiary of the Euclid Armington Corp until Jan 1 1933 when the companies were separated and Euclid Road Machinery set out on a dedicated path of producing fast off road earthmoving haulers br The Euclid company produced its first dedicated and specifically designed 7 yard 6 4 m long off road dump truck the Model 1Z in Jan 1934 It was powered by a 100HP Waukesha gasoline engine It used a specially designed extremely heavy duty Euclid rear axle fitted with a new 17 5 x 24 tire which had just been released by the tire industry Although Mack had produced a 14 yard 12 8 m long Heavy Duty off road hauler in 1931 specifically for the Boulder Dam project the Model AP Super Duty it was basically a beefed up road going chain drive AC Bulldog Mack br The next Euclid design was an articulated tractor trailer style in the style of the Caterpillar DW10 bottom dumper This was known as the Model Z or ZW br Company expansion br From these early machines Euclid went on to produce thousands of off road haulers and scrapers of ever improving and larger design and became a large corporation by the early 1950s The early 1950s was a period of great expansion and company mergers and in 1953 the Euclid Corporation was purchased by General Motors in what the leaders of both companies saw as an advantageous deal with complementary product lines This deal came about due to GM s already awakened desire to enter into the earthmoving manufacturing field and the realisation by the Armington family that a GM takeover would provide capital and design ability that they could only dream about The GM takeover deal was announced on September 30 1953 with the official takeover date being January 1 1954 br Arthur Armington had died suddenly in 1937 leading to a stumble in Euclids fortunes but George Armington only died in 1954 at the age of 89 after overseeing the highly satisfying and successful sale of Euclid to GM Sons Stuart amp Everett Armington retired in 1953 and George Jr retired in 1958 with the youngest son Ray being the last Armington to retire in 1960 after 7 years as General Manager of GM s Euclid Division br The 1950s and 1960s were good years for Euclid Trucks Euclid produced the industry s first 50 ton 3 axle dump truck with twin Cummins power in 1951 Euclid produced two and three axle dump trucks with capacities up to 105 tons in this period with some of the largest three axle units being used as tractors for even larger end dumps and bottom dump haulers br Anti trust lawsuit br However in 1959 the Department of Justice under Attorney General William P Rogers initiated an anti trust suit under the Clayton Act against General Motors Corporation charging that GM was too dominant and its business methods were stifling genuine competition in the off road hauler and earthmoving market GM fought the suit for 8 years finally surrendering in 1968 by agreeing to sell the Euclid Division of GM br After the anti trust litigation and the sale of Euclid to White Motor Corporation GM formed its own Terex brand Under the sale agreement with White Motor Corporation GM was not allowed to produce trucks in competition with White Motor Corporation for 4 years from July 1 1968 to July 1 1972 GM could produce off road haul trucks in this period but could not sell them in the U S GM equipment dealers in the U S were offered a franchise deal from White Motor Corporation to sell the White Euclid line of trucks for a period of 4 years The international Euclid dealerships were still owned by GM thus forcing White Motor Corporation to commence the formation of all new international dealerships GM produced haul trucks in the 1968 1972 period that it had developed during its ownership of Euclid from plants in Canada and Scotland that it had been allowed to keep These were sold as Terex but were essentially the same as the Euclid line br The Euclid Company lost its high profile after the sale to White Motor Corporation and never achieved the prominence that it once enjoyed before its acquisition by GM In the 1950s when you mentioned off road dump trucks they were referred to as Euc s just like we say Kleenex today for tissue br Current state br After the company was purchased by Hitachi Construction Machinery Co Ltd it is now producing a range of models of truck under the Hitachi name although it is still commonly branded as a Euclid and several of the components still bear the Euclid name Castings are too expensive to change for the sake of branding There are two classes of the machines that are currently in production both are rigid dumper models dump trucks with a rigid frame non articulated The smaller construction and quarry trucks 30 ton 90 ton are dwarfed by the larger mining trucks in the 140ton 450ton range br Production was moved from Euclid Ohio to Guelph in Ontario Canada and carries on The trucks are very modern and even come equipped with mufflers and computer controllers and have to meet environmental requirements for sound and exhaust emissions br There are some trucks currently in use in mines in the United States they can be seen in Canada at Fort McMurray and throughout China Australia Africa Indonesia and South America as well Although the heady days of the American needs for infrastructure has abated there is still much need for infrastructure and mining br Smaller construction trucks of 32 tons and 36tons capacity are being built in India by Telcon a joint venture between Tata and Hitachi Construction Machinery Co Ltd from Japan These smaller trucks are of older technology they were previously manufactured in Poland under license from VME Volvo Michigan Euclid The intended market for these older technology construction trucks is India br White sold Euclid Inc to Daimler Benz AG of Stuttgart Germany in August 1977 and in January 1984 Daimler Benz sold Euclid to one of Euclid former competitors Clark Equipment Company and it became part of the Clark Michigan Company as Clark construction machinery division was then called The following April Clark formed a 50 50 joint venture with Sweden Volvo AB now known as Volvo Construction Equipment to manufacture Volvo Michigan and Euclid construction equipment under the name of VME Group NV VME underwent several rather confusing divisions amongst its American and European operations culminating in 1991 in the creation of a VME North Americas unit to handle only the Euclid lines br In December 1993 VME North America entered into a joint venture of its own with Japan Hitachi Construction Machinery Co Ltd called Euclid Hitachi Heavy Equipment Hitachi Construction Machinery Co Ltd a manufacturer of hydraulic construction machinery like excavators and cranes gradually increased its share of the joint venture until it owned 100 of the venture in 2000 Hitachi did obtained Euclid to fill the gap which they felt in their ability to offer a complete mining package as mining excavators and dump trucks usually are needed in combination with each other Euclid Hitachi became Hitachi Construction Truck Manufacturing on January 1 2004 and the famous Euclid green was replaced with Hitachi orange The Euclid trade name and model nomenclature were gradually phased out by the end of the year ending 80 years of the Euclid name appearing on construction machinery br Developments br A Euclid R60 Dump truck br The Euclid company of Euclid OH was synonymous with off road haul trucks and earthmoving equipment such as bottom dumpers and to a lesser extent scrapers in the 1950s As described in Herbert L Nicholas Moving the Earth now in its 5th edition Euclid was everywhere br GM s work on heavy duty automatic transmissions during the Second World War had produced the Allison heavy duty automatic in 1945 and Euclid was the first to use this transmission in heavy duty off road dump trucks in the late 1940s because it met the need for an industrial transmission with huge power capacity which was eagerly being sought as engine sizes were rapidly increasing past the point where current transmissions could not cope with the power available br Euclid had pioneered the use of twin engines Twin Power in a bottom dumper model 50FDT 102W in November 1948 Their first Twin Power scraper prototype model 51FDT 13SH appeared in February 1949 and production model Twin Power scrapers were released in 1950 GM powered model 68FDT 17SH and the Cummins powered model 66FDT 16SH Prior to GM s purchase of Euclid the preferred engine of choice by Euclid was Cummins diesels However GM s 2 stroke Detroit Diesel was offered as an option When GM purchased Euclid it led to dismay at Cummins because they could see themselves losing an important customer The takeover led to GM engines being the engine of choice however the Cummins option was still available although the Cummins engined trucks sold in lower numbers after GM took over Euclid br Ranging from 10 to 62 ton capacity these lumbering giants roamed the strip mines heavy construction sites and quarries of the world Euclid s end dumps reached 210 tons in capacity in the 1980s br Euclid trucks were usually loaded by cable operated crawler shovels and draglines of other manufacturers but Euclid also developed mobile belt loaders to load its bottom dump trucks br Another type of machine that Euclid pioneered was the high speed tractor belly dumper This machine combined an off road tractor with a fifth wheel and a very large at that time up to 100 ton capacity belly dump trailer This machine descended from bottom dump wagons drawn by crawler tractors discharged its load through longitudinal gates in the bottom of the trailer The first such trucks carried 13 cubic yards but by the early 1960s capacities reached 110 tons br These belly dumpers and their off road end dump brothers were normally loaded by cable operated crawler shovels of other manufacturers brands br Euclid also manufactured wheeled tractor scrapers such as were invented by R G LeTourneau later to become LeTourneau Westinghouse after the purchase of LeTourneaus company by Westinghouse Air Brake and now almost singularly manufactured by Caterpillar Euclid s tractor scrapers were powered by the same tractors as their belly dumps Interestingly Euclid was the first major manufacturer to commercialize the now ubiquitous articulated rubber tired loader the mainstay of many heavy equipment manufacturers nowadays particularly Caterpillar br References br Nichols Herbert Lownds Day David A Moving the Earth The Workbook of Excavation Fifth Edition 2005 McGraw Hill Companies Inc br Euclid Earth Moving Equipment 1924 1968 Orlemann Eric C MBI 2004 br Euclid and Terex Earth Moving Machines Orlemann Eric C MBI 1997 br The Earthmover Encyclopedia Haddock Keith MBI 2006 br External links br Euclid dumpers at Volvo Construction Equipment includes sub pages on 22 Euclid models with photos and technical specs br History of Hitachi Construction Equipment Europe mentioning acquisition of Euclid br Categories Construction equipment manufacturers Engineering vehicles Dump trucks Volvo Defunct companies based in Ohio General Motors marquesHidden categories Articles lacking in text citations from June 2009 All articles lacking in text citations Articles needing additional references from June 2009 All articles needing additional references
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